International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 1995
Surgical classification of obstetric fistulas.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Waaldijk K
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To develop a surgical classification for obstetric fistulas in order to compare surgical techniques and results.
METHODS: Based on a retrospective analysis of 775 consecutive fistula patients, the following classification is presented: (type I) fistulas not involving the urethral closing mechanism; (type II) fistulas involving the urethral closing mechanism; and (type III) ureter and other exceptional fistulas. Type II fistulas can be further divided into: (A) without (sub)total urethra involvement, and (B) with (sub)total urethra involvement; and (a) without a circumferential defect, and (b) with a circumferential defect. This classification was applied prospectively in over 2700 consecutive fistula patients.
RESULTS: The surgical technique becomes progressively more complicated from type I through type IIBb. The results of closure and continence worsen progressively from type I through type IIBb. Personal experience in the case of type III fistulas is very limited.
CONCLUSION: This classification enables a systematic comparison of different surgical techniques and an objective evaluation of results from different centers.
METHODS: Based on a retrospective analysis of 775 consecutive fistula patients, the following classification is presented: (type I) fistulas not involving the urethral closing mechanism; (type II) fistulas involving the urethral closing mechanism; and (type III) ureter and other exceptional fistulas. Type II fistulas can be further divided into: (A) without (sub)total urethra involvement, and (B) with (sub)total urethra involvement; and (a) without a circumferential defect, and (b) with a circumferential defect. This classification was applied prospectively in over 2700 consecutive fistula patients.
RESULTS: The surgical technique becomes progressively more complicated from type I through type IIBb. The results of closure and continence worsen progressively from type I through type IIBb. Personal experience in the case of type III fistulas is very limited.
CONCLUSION: This classification enables a systematic comparison of different surgical techniques and an objective evaluation of results from different centers.