Establishment of LPS-induced sepsis and TNF-induced SIRS.

Programmed cell death (PCD) serves as a fundamental biological mechanism essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and orchestrating physiological processes, while its dysregulation constitutes a hallmark of diverse pathological conditions. Substantial evidence has implicated aberrant PCD pathways in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the various in vitro systems for cell death investigation, in vivo models retain significant advantages. The current research proposal specifically delineates two well-characterized in vivo models: (1) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model and (2) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-mediated systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) model. These established in vivo experimental systems enable more convincing evidence for cell death research.