Acute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis caused by an "Asian" CPV-2c variant in a vaccinated dog from Slovakia (Central Europe): a case report.

An 8-month-old vaccinated male English Cocker Spaniel was presented with hemorrhagic diarrhea, vomiting, and lethargy. Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) infection was indicated by a weakly positive rapid antigen test and confirmed by a combination of serological, molecular, and virological methods. Serological analysis revealed a high IgM titer (1:2,700) and the absence of IgG antibodies, while hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and serum neutralization tests (SNT) confirmed the presence of functional antibodies (≥1:640). Molecular characterization based on the VP2 gene (1,755 bp) identified the CPV-2c variant with amino acid signatures (5Gly, 267Tyr, 324Ile, 370Arg, and 440Thr) typical of the "Asian" lineage. The virus was successfully isolated in A-72 cell culture with characteristic cytopathic effects (CPE). Following intensive supportive therapy, the dog was discharged in stable condition. This report provides molecular evidence of the circulation of "Asian" CPV-2c variants in Central Europe and highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches in vaccinated dogs.