Terminating prolonged refractory status epilepticus using ketamine.

Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is an emergent and difficult neurologic problem that is not uncommon in clinical practice. In this report, we describe a 23-year-old man whose RSE was refractory to standard antiepileptic drugs and barbiturates; it was successfully terminated only with intravenous ketamine. In this report, we evaluated and discuss the clinical and electroencephalographic effects under ketamine. This case and the rare cases of ketamine experience in RSE reported in the literature show that ketamine is potentially effective to use when treating patients with RSE. Further clinical trials are warranted, however.