Congenital optic nerve anomalies.

Congenital optic nerve anomalies are not as rare as was once thought. Visual prognosis depends on the type of anomaly present. Both central nervous system and systemic abnormalities have been associated with congenital optic nerve anomalies. Therefore, correct diagnosis has important visual and systemic implications. Congenital optic nerve anomalies are distinguished by the optic disc and peripapillary retinal appearance. In general, these anomalies can be grouped by abnormalities of optic disc size or conformation and by the presence of tissue not usually present at the disc.