Fatal pulmonary mycoses by Emergomyces pasteurianus in a renal transplant recipient from India.

We describe a rare case of pulmonary infection by an emerging dimorphic fungus, Emergomyces pasteurianus in a 73-year-old renal transplant recipient from Northern India. The patient presented with fever and shortness of breath for ten days. The bronchoalveolar lavage revealed yeast cells and grew E. pasteurianus confirmed by sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and large subunit of rDNA. He succumbed to the illness despite antifungal therapy comprising of liposomal amphotericin B followed by itraconazole. The case emphasizes the emergence of E. pasteurianus in renal transplant recipients.