Implantation of a biventricular pacing and defibrillator device via a persistent left superior vena cava.

A persistent left superior vena cava was discovered in a 66-year-old man with heart failure undergoing implantation of a biventricular pacing and defibrillator device. An active fixation right ventricular defibrillator lead was placed through a curved guiding catheter. A sub-selection catheter and a guidewire allowed the engagement of a posterior-lateral branch of the coronary sinus, performance of an angiogram without an occlusive balloon, and optimal lead placement. The right atrial lead was positioned using a standard stylet. Despite the technical challenges, implantation of a biventricular pacing and defibrillator device via a persistent left superior vena cava is safe and feasible.