Numerical study of the optimization of theranostic performance of (Au/SiO₂/Au) spherical gold nanomatryoshkas for cervical cancer through structural tuning: Comparative analysis in healthy and infected tissues.

The concentric (Au/SiO2/Au) spherical gold nanomatryoshkas (SGNMs) exhibits a highly tunable near-infrared plasmonic response, enabling theranostic applications in sensing and photothermal therapy. Here, we utilize the Finite Element Method (FEM), validated against the Maxwell-Garnett (MG) model, to quantify their optical and thermoplasmonic behavior in healthy cervical tissue (HCT) and infected cervical tissue (ICT). Specifically, we investigate the influence of core radius, silica thickness, and outer gold shell on optical response, near-field amplification (NFA), and heat generation. Our analysis shows that geometric tuning allows broad spectral control 610-980nm window, with outer shell reduction enhancing tunability. An optimized configuration [Formula: see text] yields a NFA of 19300.15 making it suitable for SERS sensing. Increasing silica thickness maximizes photothermal heating, producing a temperature rise up to 18.283°C, corresponding to thermal ablation conditions 55.283°C. These findings provide a predictive design framework linking geometry, optical response, and photothermal efficiency for cervical cancer theranostics.