Curcumin: Promising Modulator of Hypoxia Signaling in Cancer.

Solid tumors are widely known for having hypoxia, which promotes the growth and metastasis of the tumor. It is crucial for research and medicine to comprehend the diverse strategies by which cells sense oxygen and preserve oxygen homeostasis. A rising number of drugs have been found to block hypoxia function through various molecular pathways. For instance, curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic chemical, has the ability to alter the tumor microenvironment and significantly influence the course of malignancy. Studies revealed that curcumin inhibits the signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, AMPK-mTOR, and NF-κB, which are key factors in preventing hypoxia-induced cancer spread. In this article, we have discussed about the potential use of curcumin as a promising inhibitor of the molecular targets essential for hypoxia cell survival. Therefore, curcumin with strong anticancer effects could work well as a tumor-static drug in chemoprevention by inactivating hypoxia.