Congenital infection with herpes simplex virus type 1.

We treated a newborn who had congenital herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 infection in which extensive skin lesions occurred with no evidence of involvement of other organs. The correct diagnosis was not made until the fifth day of life, but after effective treatment with intravenous acyclovir this child has remained in perfect health. At his last evaluation at age 18 months, he had no neurologic or ophthalmologic abnormalities. This report should alert pediatricians and dermatologists to the occasional occurrence of herpes simplex virus infection in apparently healthy neonates and the importance of making an early diagnosis so that death and severe handicap can be avoided.