The effect of recipient lung size on lung physiology after heart-lung transplantation.

We studied the postoperative course of lung volumes in 32 heart-lung transplant recipients relative to the predicted total lung capacity of the individual donors, to assess the degree of inaccuracy likely to result from the radiological method of matching of donor and recipient lung sizes. There was a tendency for recipients with large preoperative lung volumes--from, for example, emphysema--to receive smaller lungs, while those with smaller volumes from pulmonary vascular disease received bigger donor lungs, but no immediate problems were incurred. After an initial fall in total lung capacity, the postoperative value of the total lung capacity approached the recipients' pretransplant value about one year after the operation irrespective of the size of the donor lungs. This suggests that chest wall compliance is the major determinant of postoperative lung volume and not the donor lung size or compliance. Exact matching of donors' and recipients' lung sizes may not be necessary, and if required can be simply achieved by comparing the measured total lung capacity in the recipient with the predicted value of the donor based on sex, age, and height.