The Effectiveness of Interventions on Improving Knowledge and Glycemic Control Among Antenatal Women Diagnosed With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Regional and Global Literature Review.

This review synthesizes evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to improve knowledge and glycemic control among antenatal women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The findings from 20 eligible studies focus on the prevalence and risk factors of GDM, the effectiveness of nursing interventions for antenatal women with GDM, and innovative approaches and emerging technologies in managing GDM. This review emphasizes the rising global prevalence of GDM, with regional variations such as higher rates in the Middle East and North Africa region, where risk factors like obesity and advanced maternal age are prevalent. The evidence highlights the positive effects of targeted nursing interventions and educational programs, which significantly improve maternal and fetal outcomes by enhancing knowledge, self-efficacy, and glycemic control. Effective management strategies, including early screening, personalized care, and continuous support, are essential to reducing complications and promoting long-term health. The review underscores the need for further research and the development of tailored public health policies to address the growing global burden of GDM.