Proven Neonatal Neuroprotection Strategies: Magnesium Sulfate and Therapeutic Hypothermia.

Neurodevelopmental impairments follow both term and preterm birth, and include cerebral palsy (CP), cognitive dysfunction, and sensory impairment (blindness and deafness). Proven neuroprotective strategies include antepartum magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration prior to anticipated preterm delivery, delayed cord clamping, and therapeutic hypothermia for term and late preterm infants. MgSO4 administration prior to anticipated preterm delivery has been shown to reduce the risk of death, cerebral palsy and major neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas therapeutic hypothermia in term and later preterm infants has been shown to prevent or reduce sequelae associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).