Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes between Treated Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (EGDM) and Late Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (LGDM).
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Nekkanti Manjeera, Duraiswamy Mahadevan, Kamalanathan Sadishkumar, Mohan Viswanathan, Venkatesh Yavana S, Sagili Haritha
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Early gestational diabetes mellitus (EGDM) is a relatively new entity, and there is a lack of clarity regarding treatment. This study was carried out to compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes between treated EGDM and late GDM.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Pregnant women more than 18 years of age with a singleton foetus and diagnosed with GDM on a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using the World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 criteria were included in the study. The study participants were divided into two groups of 306 each, based on their gestational age at the time of GDM diagnosis. EGDM was diagnosed before 24 weeks of gestation, and late gestational diabetes mellitus (LGDM) was diagnosed at or after 24 weeks of gestation. They were followed until delivery, and the pregnancy outcomes, maternal, and perinatal were documented using a predesigned proforma.
RESULTS: Among the 612 participants, a significantly higher proportion of elderly gravida (>35 years) was observed in the EGDM group compared to LGDM (9.5% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.01). The need for insulin (13.1% vs. 6.9%; adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-3.14; P = 0.011) was significantly higher in women with EGDM relative to LGDM, after adjusting for confounders. There were no other significant differences in outcomes between women with EGDM and LGDM.
CONCLUSIONS: Women with treated EGDM are older and have a significantly higher insulin requirement than LGDM.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Pregnant women more than 18 years of age with a singleton foetus and diagnosed with GDM on a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using the World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 criteria were included in the study. The study participants were divided into two groups of 306 each, based on their gestational age at the time of GDM diagnosis. EGDM was diagnosed before 24 weeks of gestation, and late gestational diabetes mellitus (LGDM) was diagnosed at or after 24 weeks of gestation. They were followed until delivery, and the pregnancy outcomes, maternal, and perinatal were documented using a predesigned proforma.
RESULTS: Among the 612 participants, a significantly higher proportion of elderly gravida (>35 years) was observed in the EGDM group compared to LGDM (9.5% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.01). The need for insulin (13.1% vs. 6.9%; adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-3.14; P = 0.011) was significantly higher in women with EGDM relative to LGDM, after adjusting for confounders. There were no other significant differences in outcomes between women with EGDM and LGDM.
CONCLUSIONS: Women with treated EGDM are older and have a significantly higher insulin requirement than LGDM.