Congenital herpes simplex virus, type 2, bilateral endophthalmitis.

A set of dizygotic twins, both born prematurely, developed herpes simplex encephalitis shortly after birth. The second twin had unilateral keratoconjunctivitis and bilateral endophthalmitis and subsequently died from disseminated herpes infection. Herpes simplex, type 2, was isolated from conjunctiva of both eyes, cerebrospinal fluid, nasopharynx and trachea. Histologic examination of the eyes revealed bilateral endophthalmitis with a necrotizing retinitis. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were demonstrated by light microscopy in the retina, choroid and iris, and virus particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the retina. The other twin recovered from a much milder disseminated herpes simplex infection without apparent ocular involvement. During pregnancy, the mother had vaginitis which was suspected, but not documented, as being herpetic in origin. The father was diagnosed as having a penile infection caused by herpes simplex. Repeated attempts to locate the family of the surviving baby girl in order to obtain follow-up information have failed.