International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2024
Prevalence, risk factors and the impact of tenofovir treatment in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease among people living with HIV: A cross-sectional population-based study.
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de Lazzari Elisa, Nomah Daniel K, Blanco Jose L, Rico Naira, Filella Xabier, Egri Natalia, Ruiz Raquel, Marcos Maria Angeles, Mosquera Maria Del Mar, Alcamí Jose, Sánchez-Palomino Sonsoles, Bruguera Andreu, Hurtado Carmen, Rovira Cristina, Ambrosioni Juan, Chivite Iván, González-Cordón Ana, Inciarte Alexy, Laguno Montserrat, Martínez-Rebollar María, de la Mora Lorena, Torres Berta, Díaz Yesika, Martínez Esteban, Mallolas Josep, Miro Jose M, Hospital Clinic HIV investigators
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: The prevalence and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection among unvaccinated people living with HIV (PWH) are not well understood, and the protective role of tenofovir remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 prevalence and associated risk factors among unvaccinated PWH, and to evaluate the impact of tenofovir.
METHODS: We conducted as a cross-sectional study between November 2020 and May 2021. Plasma samples from 4,400 of 5,476 PWH were tested for total antibodies, IgG, IgM, and IgA.
RESULTS: Among the participants (median age 48 years, 84% male), 92% had undetectable HIV viral loads and 5% had syphilis. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 18% (95% CI 17-19), with 1,180 individuals showing antibodies (IgG 13%, IgA 10%, IgM 11%). Of those seropositive for SARS-CoV-2, 67.5% were asymptomatic, 29% had mild disease, and 3.5% had severe/critical conditions. Risk factors included younger age, being female, men who have sex with men (MSM) status, non-European origin, and a history of syphilis. Neither antiretrovirals nor tenofovir provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 disease.
CONCLUSION: Ongoing surveillance and tailored interventions are crucial for at-risk PWH amid evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. Tenofovir did not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19.
METHODS: We conducted as a cross-sectional study between November 2020 and May 2021. Plasma samples from 4,400 of 5,476 PWH were tested for total antibodies, IgG, IgM, and IgA.
RESULTS: Among the participants (median age 48 years, 84% male), 92% had undetectable HIV viral loads and 5% had syphilis. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 18% (95% CI 17-19), with 1,180 individuals showing antibodies (IgG 13%, IgA 10%, IgM 11%). Of those seropositive for SARS-CoV-2, 67.5% were asymptomatic, 29% had mild disease, and 3.5% had severe/critical conditions. Risk factors included younger age, being female, men who have sex with men (MSM) status, non-European origin, and a history of syphilis. Neither antiretrovirals nor tenofovir provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 disease.
CONCLUSION: Ongoing surveillance and tailored interventions are crucial for at-risk PWH amid evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. Tenofovir did not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19.