The Medical journal of Malaysia · 2025
Practices related to dietary salt intake and associated factors among adults in Kuala Terengganu.
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Aung M M T, Oo S S, Mat Azmi I S M, Megat Mustaqim M I, Aniza A A, Naing N N, Nik Mahdi N N R, Mazlan A, Abas M I
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Sodium plays a crucial role in regulating blood volume and osmotic balance; however, excessive intake can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to salt consumption is a fundamental step in developing effective public health strategies to reduce excessive salt intake.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,001 adults in Kuala Terengganu using a snowball sampling method to assess salt-related KAP and the factors associated with good dietary salt intake practices. Eligible participants were aged 18 years and above, proficient in Bahasa Malaysia, and had access to a smartphone with internet connectivity. Data were collected through a structured, pre-tested questionnaire administered via Google Forms and analysed using multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with good dietary salt intake practices.
RESULTS: Among the total respondents, 28.8% (95% CI: 26.0% - 31.6%) demonstrated good dietary salt intake practices. The study revealed a disconnect between knowledge and practice, indicating that awareness alone did not translate into healthier dietary behaviours. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified employment status (adjusted OR: 1.541, 95% CI: 1.166 - 2.038; p<0.001) and higher attitude scores (adjusted OR: 1.138, 95% CI: 1.065 - 1.215; p<0.001) as significant positive predictors of good dietary salt intake practices.
CONCLUSION: The findings provide valuable insights into salt consumption behaviours and associated factors among the self-selected adults in Kuala Terengganu. The results underscore the importance of targeted public health interventions, particularly those promoting positive attitudes and addressing employed populations, to encourage healthier dietary salt intake practices.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,001 adults in Kuala Terengganu using a snowball sampling method to assess salt-related KAP and the factors associated with good dietary salt intake practices. Eligible participants were aged 18 years and above, proficient in Bahasa Malaysia, and had access to a smartphone with internet connectivity. Data were collected through a structured, pre-tested questionnaire administered via Google Forms and analysed using multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with good dietary salt intake practices.
RESULTS: Among the total respondents, 28.8% (95% CI: 26.0% - 31.6%) demonstrated good dietary salt intake practices. The study revealed a disconnect between knowledge and practice, indicating that awareness alone did not translate into healthier dietary behaviours. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified employment status (adjusted OR: 1.541, 95% CI: 1.166 - 2.038; p<0.001) and higher attitude scores (adjusted OR: 1.138, 95% CI: 1.065 - 1.215; p<0.001) as significant positive predictors of good dietary salt intake practices.
CONCLUSION: The findings provide valuable insights into salt consumption behaviours and associated factors among the self-selected adults in Kuala Terengganu. The results underscore the importance of targeted public health interventions, particularly those promoting positive attitudes and addressing employed populations, to encourage healthier dietary salt intake practices.