[State of the art and innovations in breast cancer prevention and screening strategies].

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and its incidence is increasing, particularly in France, due to changes in lifestyle and exposure over the past 40 years. Despite organized screening programs and advances in treatment, breast cancer mortality is declining only slowly. The costs of care are constantly rising. More efficient primary and secondary prevention is therefore a major challenge for the coming years. Innovations already available or in advanced development include new imaging techniques or indications (tomosynthesis, angiomammography, breast MRI for women with dense breasts, use of artificial intelligence in reading), circulating tests, and new strategies for stratified or personalized prevention. Individual assessment of breast cancer risk is made possible by complex scores or algorithms, individual genetic data, and artificial intelligence. Our current understanding of breast cancer carcinogenesis is expected to transform early detection and risk reduction approaches in the coming years. These developments raise important issues, including the financing of these innovations, acceptability, equity and ethics, the organization of care, and the training of professionals, among others. This article reviews the current situation and ongoing and expected innovations in breast cancer screening and prevention.