Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis: Targeting symptoms through neuroplasticity.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Nazzi Claudio, Turrini Sonia, Pezzetta Rachele, Scarpazza Cristina, Avenanti Alessio, Battaglia Simone
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by autoimmune-mediated inflammation and neurodegeneration. Despite major advances in disease-modifying therapies, many people with MS continue to face significant challenges.
OBJECTIVES: This topical review summarizes clinical studies over the past two decades examining transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a therapeutic approach for MS symptoms, including fatigue, motor dysfunction, spasticity, and cognitive impairment.
RESULTS: Available evidence suggests potential symptomatic benefits, particularly for motor/spasticity-related outcomes, and indicates that neuroplasticity remains at least partially preserved in MS, providing a plausible substrate for neuromodulation-based interventions. Moreover, TMS appears generally well-tolerated; however, findings are heterogeneous, and the evidence base includes few adequately powered sham-controlled trials across symptom domains.
CONCLUSION: Overall, current findings support further controlled trials to clarify efficacy, durability, and patient-level predictors, and to inform stepwise clinical translation of TMS-based interventions as a complementary strategy to leverage residual neuroplasticity and reduce symptom burden in individuals with MS.
OBJECTIVES: This topical review summarizes clinical studies over the past two decades examining transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a therapeutic approach for MS symptoms, including fatigue, motor dysfunction, spasticity, and cognitive impairment.
RESULTS: Available evidence suggests potential symptomatic benefits, particularly for motor/spasticity-related outcomes, and indicates that neuroplasticity remains at least partially preserved in MS, providing a plausible substrate for neuromodulation-based interventions. Moreover, TMS appears generally well-tolerated; however, findings are heterogeneous, and the evidence base includes few adequately powered sham-controlled trials across symptom domains.
CONCLUSION: Overall, current findings support further controlled trials to clarify efficacy, durability, and patient-level predictors, and to inform stepwise clinical translation of TMS-based interventions as a complementary strategy to leverage residual neuroplasticity and reduce symptom burden in individuals with MS.