Candida albicans Pacemaker Lead Endocarditis: A Case Report.

Fungal endocarditis (FE) is a rare yet potentially life-threatening complication of permanent cardiac pacing, most commonly caused by species of the genera Candida and Aspergillus. The diagnosis is challenging, as the clinical presentation of FE is usually nonspecific and insidious. A high level of clinical suspicion is required, particularly in patients with implantable pacemakers presenting with unexplained fever. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective and prompt management, which generally relies on a combined medical and surgical approach. We report a case of fungal pacemaker lead endocarditis caused by Candida albicans in a 68-year-old man, which was successfully treated with a multidisciplinary approach combining surgical explantation and antifungal therapy.