Entrapment neuropathies. A guide to avoiding misdiagnoses.

Nerve entrapment has many possible causes and can mimic a broad range of disorders. A carefully taken history and thorough neurologic examination are the most important parts of evaluation, and plain radiography, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity studies are useful adjuncts. Treatment options include correction of underlying causes; reduction in activity; exercise programs; wearing of splints, arch supports, or foot braces; local injections of corticosteroids and/or anesthetics; use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; and surgical decompression. Early, appropriate therapy ensures a good outcome.