Delayed kidney graft function in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant recipients is associated with early pancreas allograft failure.

Delayed graft function (DGF) is a common complication associated with significant untoward effects in kidney-alone transplantation. The incidence and outcomes following kidney delayed graft function (K-DGF) among patients undergoing simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation are less certain. We analyzed SPK recipients transplanted at our center between January 1994 and December 2017. A total of 632 recipients fulfilled the selection criteria, including 69 (11%) with K-DGF and 563 without. The incidence of K-DGF was significantly higher in recipients of organs from older donors and donation after circulatory death (DCD). The presence of K-DGF was significantly associated with an increased risk of pancreas graft failure during the first 90 days (n = 9, incidence rate [IR] 2.45/100 person-months), but not with late pancreas failure (n = 32, IR 0.84/100 person-months), kidney graft failure, or patient death. Although DCD was associated with K-DGF, it was not associated with either pancreas (hazard ratio [HR] 0.91, 95% CI 0.58-1.44, P = .69) or kidney (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.66-1.82, P = .74) graft failure after adjustment for potential confounders. We found K-DGF to be a significant risk factor for pancreas graft failure but not kidney graft failure, with the major risk period being early (<90 days) posttransplant, and the major donor risk factor being older donor age.