Sexually Transmitted Infections and Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are considered epidemics in the United States. Research on the association between STIs and HIV infectiousness and susceptibility has shown that STIs promote HIV acquisition and transmission via mucosal inflammation and ulceration caused by viral or bacterial pathogens. Some of the most common STIs associated with HIV are chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and herpes simplex virus type 2. STIs are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly if diagnosis or treatment is delayed. Prevention and treatment of both HIV and STIs is essential to ending these associated epidemics.