Pregnancy in renal transplant patients: a review.

A questionnaire survey and review of the literature show that pregnancy can be well tolerated in most women with renal transplants. Fifty-two per cent of the renal transplant recipients who became pregnant had full-term infants with no serious complications. With therapeutic abortions, excluded, 71% of the 308 pregnancies permitted to continue resulted in full-term infants. Rejection episodes were occasionally a serious problem, occurring in 9% of the pregnancies. Mechanical interference with renal excretion or preventing vaginal delivery occurred in 5.6% of the cases. Hypertension and proteinuria, often existing prior to pregnancy, became frequently increased during pregnancy. Infections not associated with rejection were common but easily controlled in most cases. Prematurity was frequent but related to renal function and the time interval from transplant to conception. The most serious infant complications were related to prematurity. Unknown is the future of these infants and their progeny because of their intrauterine exposure to immunosuppressive drugs.