Updated Review for the Treatment of Adolescent Nicotine Use Disorders.

Tobacco products, consisting of the highly addictive chemical, nicotine, are commonly used in the United States. Chronic nicotine use remains the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. The vast majority of adults with nicotine addiction began using the substance during adolescence. Existing research suggests that adolescents experience increased susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Nicotine addiction or tobacco use disorder is characterized by clinically significant impairment and distress related to nicotine consumption (DSM-5). Individuals must have at least 2 of 11 symptoms during a 12 month period in order to meet diagnostic criteria.