Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Current ophthalmic therapy.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in the treatment of ophthalmic inflammatory disease. Currently four topical preparations are available: flurbiprofen and suprofen for the prevention of miosis during surgery; diclofenac for postoperative inflammation following cataract extraction, and ketorolac for the treatment of itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Caution should be exercised, however, as topical and systemic adverse effects may occur including stinging, photophobia, gastric sensitivity, and increased bleeding time. The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is discussed, complications associated with use, and the current and future roles of therapy.