Mycoplasma Genitalium: A Lesser-Known Cause of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.

Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a bacterium that can be spread through sexual contact with another person who is infected. If misdiagnosed and left untreated, this newer, emerging sexually transmitted infection (STI) can cause complications such as urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in both men and women. In males, MG can be asymptomatic and undetectable. In females, MG may present with nonspecific symptoms, such as dysuria, vaginal discharge, and/or pelvic pain. In addition to chlamydia and gonorrhea, MG may result in PID. Due to the complications of MG, health care providers in the emergency department setting need to consider this as a differential diagnosis when performing STI and vaginitis screenings on sexually active patients who may present with urinary or vaginal complaints. As patients with pelvic pain are frequently seen in the emergency department, providers need to be aware of the role that MG may play in STIs and the subsequent sequelae if not treated properly.