Advancing towards personalized medicine: Practical specifications for management of treatable traits in patients with COPD exacerbations.

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are significantly associated with poor prognosis and impose a substantial socioeconomic burden. As an emerging concept in the field of precision medicine, treatable traits can help identify the characteristics most closely linked to clinical outcomes of the disease, thereby guiding precise treatment. In recent years, research on treatable traits in the context of COPD exacerbations has gradually deepened, covering pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and behavioral-risk aspects. This paper summarizes the research progress of treatable traits related to COPD exacerbations and outlines the identification and intervention approaches for these relevant traits, aiming to contribute to the clinical practice of precision diagnosis and treatment for COPD exacerbations.