Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2026
The Stroop Color-Word Test - Short Form (SCWT-SF): Updated norms and validity in an Italian population sample.
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Caffarra Paolo, Rasi Thomas, Aiello Edoardo Nicolò, Frisco Francesca, De Luca Giulia, Curti Beatrice, Moreschi Arianna, Corso Aurora, Difonzo Teresa, Lorusso Lorenzo, Formenti Anna, Tetto Antonio, Di Rosa Elisa, Poletti Barbara, Bolognini Nadia, Zago Stefano
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: More than two decades ago, normative data for two interference indices (Error Interference Effect, EIE; Time Interference Effect, TIE) from a short form of the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT-SF) were established in Italy. The present study aimed to update the normative data for the Italian SCWT-SF by extending the assessment beyond interference indices to include completion times and error counts across the three task conditions, namely Word Reading (W), Color Naming (C), and Color-Word Interference (CW), and to provide evidence supporting its construct validity.
METHODS: N = 317 healthy adults (195 females; age: 62.79 ± 11.97 years, range = 40-89; education 13.17 ± 4.03 years, range = 5-23) completed the SCWT-SF (3 color; 30 items per condition) and a test battery assessing processing speed (Psychomotor Speed Test; Trail-Making Test - Part A) and executive functioning (EF) (Saccade and Antisaccade Test; Digit Ordering Test; Trail-Making Test - Part B). Norms were derived for each SCWT-SF measure using the Equivalent Score method. Correlational analyses explored construct validity.
RESULTS: Older age and lower education negatively affected SCWT-SF scores. Female sex was associated with lower completion times on C condition. No predictors emerged for errors in W condition. Word-reading and color-naming outcomes were associated with measures of processing speed, while the CW condition and interference indices with tests of inhibitory control, working memory, and set-shifting.
CONCLUSIONS: We provided updated, regression-based normative data for the Italian SCWT-SF, encompassing individual scores across its three conditions and the original interference indices, and evidence supporting its convergent validity with measures of processing speed and EF.
METHODS: N = 317 healthy adults (195 females; age: 62.79 ± 11.97 years, range = 40-89; education 13.17 ± 4.03 years, range = 5-23) completed the SCWT-SF (3 color; 30 items per condition) and a test battery assessing processing speed (Psychomotor Speed Test; Trail-Making Test - Part A) and executive functioning (EF) (Saccade and Antisaccade Test; Digit Ordering Test; Trail-Making Test - Part B). Norms were derived for each SCWT-SF measure using the Equivalent Score method. Correlational analyses explored construct validity.
RESULTS: Older age and lower education negatively affected SCWT-SF scores. Female sex was associated with lower completion times on C condition. No predictors emerged for errors in W condition. Word-reading and color-naming outcomes were associated with measures of processing speed, while the CW condition and interference indices with tests of inhibitory control, working memory, and set-shifting.
CONCLUSIONS: We provided updated, regression-based normative data for the Italian SCWT-SF, encompassing individual scores across its three conditions and the original interference indices, and evidence supporting its convergent validity with measures of processing speed and EF.