Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles on an indium tin oxide electrode  for voltammetric sensing of dopamine.

The authors describe an electrochemical dopamine sensor that is based on the use of electrochemically co-reduced graphene oxide (Er-GO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode. The synergistic effects of Er-GO and Er-AuNPs promote electron transport in the modified ITO. This results in an excellent performance for voltammetric sensing of dopamine (DA). Under the optimum conditions and a typical working potential of -0.05 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), the ITO electrode has a linear response in the 0.02-200 μM DA concentration range and a low detection limit of 15 nM. The sensor also showed a good selectivity over ascorbic acid and uric acid. The feasibility of the method was studied by analyzing DA in cerebrospinal fluid of rats. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of one-step electrochemical co-reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on an ITO electrode for voltammetric sensing of dopamine.