Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2007
Visfatin expression is hormonally regulated by metabolic and sex hormones in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes.
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MacLaren R, Cui W, Cianflone K
Аннотация
AIM: The novel adipokine visfatin has 'insulin-mimicking' effects and is increased in models of diet-induced obesity, but factors that regulate visfatin have not been fully elucidated.
METHODS: In order to determine visfatin regulation in adipocyte development and metabolism, as well as in pathophysiological conditions related to metabolic syndrome, endogenous visfatin expression was measured in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR).
RESULTS: A marked increase in visfatin expression was observed during differentiation, with a 2.2-fold increase between preconfluent and 2-day confluent cells even before differentiation was initiated. A further 4.1-fold increase was induced from day 0 to day 9 of differentiation (overall ninefold). Overnight incubation with dexamethasone (10(-8) to 10(-2) M) increased visfatin expression in both pre-adipocytes (1.5- to 3.3-fold, p < 0.05) and adipocytes (1.9-fold, p < 0.01). All other treatments decreased visfatin expression. In pre-adipocytes, visfatin expression decreased by 23% at a concentration of 1 microM insulin, 15% at 1-15 nM T3, 15% at 10 nM-1 microM progesterone, 33-44% at 10 nM-1 microM testosterone, 50% with palmitate and 30% with oleate (p < 0.05 for all). In adipocytes, insulin had a much greater effect, decreasing visfatin by 77% at 100 nM (p < 0.01), whereas oleate and sex hormones did not affect visfatin expression. However, tumor necrosis factor alpha, which had no effect on pre-adipocytes, significantly decreased visfatin in adipocytes by 26% at 10 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the thiazolidinedione (TZD) rosiglitizone also decreased visfatin by 28% at a concentration of 1 microM (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: In summary, while the mechanism of visfatin action remains to be elucidated, the clear effects of multiple hormones on visfatin expression support a physiological role.
METHODS: In order to determine visfatin regulation in adipocyte development and metabolism, as well as in pathophysiological conditions related to metabolic syndrome, endogenous visfatin expression was measured in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR).
RESULTS: A marked increase in visfatin expression was observed during differentiation, with a 2.2-fold increase between preconfluent and 2-day confluent cells even before differentiation was initiated. A further 4.1-fold increase was induced from day 0 to day 9 of differentiation (overall ninefold). Overnight incubation with dexamethasone (10(-8) to 10(-2) M) increased visfatin expression in both pre-adipocytes (1.5- to 3.3-fold, p < 0.05) and adipocytes (1.9-fold, p < 0.01). All other treatments decreased visfatin expression. In pre-adipocytes, visfatin expression decreased by 23% at a concentration of 1 microM insulin, 15% at 1-15 nM T3, 15% at 10 nM-1 microM progesterone, 33-44% at 10 nM-1 microM testosterone, 50% with palmitate and 30% with oleate (p < 0.05 for all). In adipocytes, insulin had a much greater effect, decreasing visfatin by 77% at 100 nM (p < 0.01), whereas oleate and sex hormones did not affect visfatin expression. However, tumor necrosis factor alpha, which had no effect on pre-adipocytes, significantly decreased visfatin in adipocytes by 26% at 10 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the thiazolidinedione (TZD) rosiglitizone also decreased visfatin by 28% at a concentration of 1 microM (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: In summary, while the mechanism of visfatin action remains to be elucidated, the clear effects of multiple hormones on visfatin expression support a physiological role.