Imatinib Treatment in Primary Acute Basophilic Leukemia with FIP1L1-PDGFRα Rearrangement: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION

Acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) is a rare form of acute leukemia, characterized by a high number of immature basophils in the blood. It is clinically associated with skin infiltration, organ enlargement, osteolytic lesions, and symptoms of histamine excess, with rapid progression and poor prognosis. Due to its rarity and the lack of specialized diagnostic tests, there is no universally accepted diagnostic standard.

CASE PRESENTATIONS: We report a rare case of ABL, which advances our understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathological mechanisms of the disease. The patient presented with symptoms indicative of hyperhistaminemia, and the diagnosis was confirmed through molecular testing, specifically detecting the FIP1L1::PDGFRA fusion gene. Detailed analysis of this case helped identify early symptoms and highlighted the relevance of hyperhistaminemia in ABL's clinical presentation.

CONCLUSION

The patient successfully achieved a complete response to treatment and remained relapse-free during an 18-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis and individualized treatment, and it provides valuable insights for managing similar cases of ABL.