Communications biology · 2021
High-resolution epitope mapping and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in large cohorts of subjects with COVID-19.
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Haynes Winston A, Kamath Kathy, Bozekowski Joel, Baum-Jones Elisabeth, Campbell Melissa, Casanovas-Massana Arnau, Daugherty Patrick S, Dela Cruz Charles S, Dhal Abhilash, Farhadian Shelli F, Fitzgibbons Lynn, Fournier John, Jhatro Michael, Jordan Gregory, Klein Jon, Lucas Carolina, Kessler Debra, Luchsinger Larry L, Martinez Brian, Catherine Muenker M, Pischel Lauren, Reifert Jack, Sawyer Jaymie R, Waitz Rebecca, Wunder Elsio A, Zhang Minlu, Yale IMPACT Team, Iwasaki Akiko, Ko Albert, Shon John C
Аннотация
As Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread, characterization of its antibody epitopes, emerging strains, related coronaviruses, and even the human proteome in naturally infected patients can guide the development of effective vaccines and therapies. Since traditional epitope identification tools are dependent upon pre-defined peptide sequences, they are not readily adaptable to diverse viral proteomes. The Serum Epitope Repertoire Analysis (SERA) platform leverages a high diversity random bacterial display library to identify proteome-independent epitope binding specificities which are then analyzed in the context of organisms of interest. When evaluating immune response in the context of SARS-CoV-2, we identify dominant epitope regions and motifs which demonstrate potential to classify mild from severe disease and relate to neutralization activity. We highlight SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that are cross-reactive with other coronaviruses and demonstrate decreased epitope signal for mutant SARS-CoV-2 strains. Collectively, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 mutants towards reduced antibody response highlight the importance of data-driven development of the vaccines and therapies to treat COVID-19.