American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2003
Heme oxygenases in pregnancy II: HO-2 is downregulated in human pathologic pregnancies.
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Zenclussen A C, Lim E, Knoeller S, Knackstedt M, Hertwig K, Hagen E, Klapp B F, Arck P C
Аннотация
PROBLEM: We previously reported a diminished expression of the heme-degrading enzymes heme oxygenases (HO)-1 and HO-2 in decidua and placenta from mice undergoing Th1-mediated abortion, strongly indicating the protective effect of HO in murine pregnancy maintenance. Here we investigated whether the expression of HO-1 and HO-2 is also reduced at the feto-maternal interface of pathologic human pregnancies.
METHOD OF STUDY: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HOs expression in placental and decidual first-trimester tissue from patients with: spontaneous abortion (n = 14), choriocarcinoma (n = 14), hydatidiform mole (H-mole) (n = 12), compared with normally progressing pregnancies (n = 15). Further, we investigated early third-trimester decidual and placental tissue from patients with pre-eclampsia (n = 13) compared with fetal growth retardation (n = 14) as age-matched controls.
RESULTS: In first trimester tissue, we observed a significant reduction of HO-2 expression in invasive trophoblast cells, endothelial cells, and syncytiotrophoblasts in samples from patients with spontaneous abortion compared with normal pregnancy. H-mole samples showed a diminished expression of HO-2 in invasive trophoblast cells and endothelial cells in comparison with NP, whereas choriocarcinoma samples showed no significant differences compared with the control. In third trimester tissue, HO-2 was also reduced in syncytiotrophoblasts and invasive trophoblast cells from pre-eclampsia compared with samples from fetal growth retardation. HO-1 expression was diminished in all pathologies investigated; however, the differences did not reach levels of significance.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that HOs play a crucial role in pregnancy and low expression of HO-2, as observed in pathologic pregnancies, may lead to enhanced levels of free heme at the feto-maternal interface, with subsequent upregulation of adhesion molecules, allowing enhanced inflammatory cells migration to the feto-maternal interface.
METHOD OF STUDY: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HOs expression in placental and decidual first-trimester tissue from patients with: spontaneous abortion (n = 14), choriocarcinoma (n = 14), hydatidiform mole (H-mole) (n = 12), compared with normally progressing pregnancies (n = 15). Further, we investigated early third-trimester decidual and placental tissue from patients with pre-eclampsia (n = 13) compared with fetal growth retardation (n = 14) as age-matched controls.
RESULTS: In first trimester tissue, we observed a significant reduction of HO-2 expression in invasive trophoblast cells, endothelial cells, and syncytiotrophoblasts in samples from patients with spontaneous abortion compared with normal pregnancy. H-mole samples showed a diminished expression of HO-2 in invasive trophoblast cells and endothelial cells in comparison with NP, whereas choriocarcinoma samples showed no significant differences compared with the control. In third trimester tissue, HO-2 was also reduced in syncytiotrophoblasts and invasive trophoblast cells from pre-eclampsia compared with samples from fetal growth retardation. HO-1 expression was diminished in all pathologies investigated; however, the differences did not reach levels of significance.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that HOs play a crucial role in pregnancy and low expression of HO-2, as observed in pathologic pregnancies, may lead to enhanced levels of free heme at the feto-maternal interface, with subsequent upregulation of adhesion molecules, allowing enhanced inflammatory cells migration to the feto-maternal interface.