Facial paralysis in longitudinal temporal bone fractures: a review of 26 cases.

The management of facial nerve injury resulting from temporal bone fracture continues to be a topic of discussion. The indications for surgery as well as the proper timing and extent of surgical exploration are the principal questions debated. This study reviews a large series of patients (26), treated for facial paralysis following a longitudinal temporal bone fracture. The most frequent site of injury was the area of the geniculate ganglion. The injury to the facial nerve was often severe. We recommend early exploration in these cases when electrical studies indicate a severe injury. In most cases a combined mastoid and middle fossa approach is required.