Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association · 2026
Bronchoalveolar lavage changes the ultrasonographic and radiographic appearances of lungs in adult horses.
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Hepworth-Warren Kate L, Harbor Kaitlyn, Nelson Nathan C, Kurihara Manabu, Qu Yang
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To describe the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on the ultrasonographic and radiographic appearances of lungs of horses being evaluated for equine asthma syndrome (EAS).
METHODS: Prospective observational study enrolling 32 adult horses evaluated for EAS. Ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations of the thorax were performed before and within 3 hours following BAL and scored using previously validated systems. The differences in scores between groups (normal, mild EAS, moderate/severe EAS) were evaluated through the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the differences in scores before and following BAL were evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (paired test). Statistical significance was set at P < .05.
RESULTS: There were significant increases in the total ultrasonographic and radiographic scores in the overall group following BAL. Ultrasonographically, there was a statistically significant increase in score on the right side following BAL; radiographically, the score was significantly higher following BAL in the caudoventral lung and caudodorsal lung. There was no correlation between the magnitude of ultrasonographic score increase, the percent recovery of BAL fluid (BALF), and the percent of neutrophils on BAL fluid cytology.
CONCLUSIONS: The BAL procedure can induce changes in the ultrasonographic and radiographic appearances of lungs in horses evaluated for suspicion of EAS.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware of these imaging changes when evaluating horses for EAS and ruling out other differential diagnoses.
METHODS: Prospective observational study enrolling 32 adult horses evaluated for EAS. Ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations of the thorax were performed before and within 3 hours following BAL and scored using previously validated systems. The differences in scores between groups (normal, mild EAS, moderate/severe EAS) were evaluated through the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the differences in scores before and following BAL were evaluated by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (paired test). Statistical significance was set at P < .05.
RESULTS: There were significant increases in the total ultrasonographic and radiographic scores in the overall group following BAL. Ultrasonographically, there was a statistically significant increase in score on the right side following BAL; radiographically, the score was significantly higher following BAL in the caudoventral lung and caudodorsal lung. There was no correlation between the magnitude of ultrasonographic score increase, the percent recovery of BAL fluid (BALF), and the percent of neutrophils on BAL fluid cytology.
CONCLUSIONS: The BAL procedure can induce changes in the ultrasonographic and radiographic appearances of lungs in horses evaluated for suspicion of EAS.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians should be aware of these imaging changes when evaluating horses for EAS and ruling out other differential diagnoses.