Gonorrhea: new challenges.

As "a paradigm of the classical Venereology" for many decades, gonorrhea appears to be the second most common sexually transmitted infection of bacterial origin today. In spite of its mostly uncomplicated clinical course, gonorrhea may sometimes result with serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, epididymitis, gonococcemia, and disseminated gonococcal infection. Perhaps the most important challenge today is the emergence of multidrug-resistant gonorrhea, which is currently the main reason for public concern. Eventually, Neisseria gonorrhoeae turned out to be one of the most "evolutionarily successful" pathogens. Effective treatment of gonorrhea providing that N gonorrhoeae might also facilitate the transmission of HIV is a complex task and almost an imperative in the "sexually transmitted infection world" today.