Psoriasis under B-cell depleting therapies in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective multicenter analysis.

BACKGROUND

B-cell depleting therapies (BCDT), including ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, and ublituximab, are highly effective disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). Several case reports have raised concerns about new-onset or exacerbation of psoriasis under BCDT.

OBJECTIVES

This article aims to analyze clinical characteristics, treatment courses, and outcomes of MS patients who developed or experienced worsening of psoriasis during BCDT.

DESIGN

This retrospective, multicenter analysis included patients from four German university hospitals (Düsseldorf, Hannover, Bochum, Giessen).

METHODS

We retrospectively screened 3228 MS patients under BCDT between 2020 and 2024 for development of psoriasis or an exacerbation of a known psoriasis. Clinical data, including Expanded Disability Status Scale, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores, treatment regimens, and comorbidities, were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among 3228 patients treated with BCDT, 7 developed new-onset psoriasis and 10 showed exacerbation of preexisting psoriasis. The median time to psoriasis onset or worsening was 13 months (3-83 months) under continuous treatment with BCDT. Topical therapies were effective in most cases, but a change of MS treatment or initiation of psoriasis-specific immunotherapies, including the interleukin-17A-antibody secukinumab, was required in four patients.

CONCLUSION

Psoriasis onset or worsening during BCDT is rare. While most cases are manageable with standard psoriasis treatments, severe cases may necessitate therapy adjustments. The potential immunological interplay between MS and psoriasis treatment warrants further investigation.