[Use of immunocytochemical assays in the study of exudates from serous cavities in the practical work of a laboratory].

The clinical introduction of new methods for processing fluid samples and the application of supplementary methods for improving the diagnostic accuracy of the pattern of pleurisy is very important for differential diagnosis. The possibilities of using immunocytochemical assay in the practical work of a clinical diagnostic (cytological) laboratory were studied in 96 patients, including 78 and 18 patients with pleural and ascitic fluids, respectively). A Cytospin-IV centrifuge was used for immunocytochemical assay by the routine procedure. The Streptadivin-biotin LSAB2 and EnVision+ test systems were employed to visualize an antigen/antibody reaction. Diaminobenzidine (DAB) was used as a chromogen. A set of markers, comprising 11 antibodies, was applied to the verification of a neoplasm from serous cavities. Mesothelioma was diagnosed in 65 patients. Epithelial mesothelioma was identified in 62 (95.4%) cases. Mesothelioma cells were positive to vimentin and ceratins, calretinin, mesothelin, and thrombomodulin. In 31 cases, adenogenic carcinoma metastases to the serous cavities were typified by an immunopositive reaction to CEA, Ber-EP4, EMA, and cytokeratins and a negative reaction to calretinin, mesothelin, and thrombomodulin. There was occasionally a positive reaction to CD-15 and vimentin.