Trogocytosis: revealing new insights into parasite-host interactions.

Trogocytosis - a process whereby cells physically nibble and ingest membrane fragments and other components from neighboring cells - plays a critical role in host-parasite interactions by modulating parasite survival and host immune responses. This review explores trogocytosis in parasitic infections, revealing its dual roles: parasites use it for nutrient acquisition and immune evasion, whereas hosts use it for pathogen clearance. We analyze the molecular machinery driving this process, its impact on infection outcomes, and parallels in tumors/transplantation. Emerging therapeutic opportunities and unresolved challenges are critically evaluated, providing a roadmap for future research to harness trogocytosis in disease control.