Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Basic Knowledge, Applications, Ethics and Perspectives.

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming medicine through advanced diagnostic, prognostic, and decision-support systems.

OBJECTIVE

To summarize the fundamental concepts, clinical applications, ethical issues, and future perspectives of AI in healthcare.

METHODS

A narrative review of current evidence on machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, and AI applications across major medical specialties was conducted.

RESULTS

AI demonstrated high performance in diagnostic support, prognostic prediction, medical imaging, and personalized medicine. However, limitations related to data quality, generalizability, transparency, and ethical concerns remain significant challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

AI has strong potential to improve healthcare delivery and precision medicine, although robust validation, ethical oversight, and appropriate regulation are essential for safe clinical implementation.