Clinicopathologic profile of sinonasal neoplasia in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria: A 10-year single-institution experience.

BACKGROUND

Sinonasal neoplasia comprises approximately 3% of all head-and-neck tumors. However, the incidence of these tumors may be greater in some parts of the world including Asia and Africa.

AIM AND

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to review the clinical and histopathological pattern of sinonasal neoplasms in Kano, Nigeria.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

The records of patients managed for sinonasal neoplasia at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, over a period of 10 years were reviewed. Information obtained from the case files included demographic characteristics, tumor characteristics, and clinical information. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 23.

RESULTS

A total of 245 patients were reviewed with sinonasal neoplasms. Among these, 168 (68.57%) were males, with a sex ratio (M:F) of 2.18:1. The mean age was 40.2 ± 18.9 years. Malignant sinonasal neoplasm constituted 55.92%% of the sinonasal neoplasia, with peak age at the fifth decade. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological subtypes seen in 50.36% of the patients. Inverted papilloma was the most common benign sinonasal neoplasia (42.59%). The most common symptom presented by the patients was nasal obstruction (77.55%), mostly presented within 6 months of onset of symptoms (63.67%), and farmers were the predominant (27.76%). The most common treatment modality was surgical extirpation (54%), and most of the patients presented with Stage IV disease (88%). The site of tumor was found to statistically correlate with the type of tumor among the patients (P ≤ 0.0001), whereas the type of tumor and site of tumor correlated significantly with the duration of symptoms before the presentation.

CONCLUSION

Malignant sinonasal disease is the predominant sinonasal neoplasm in this environment, and most of the patients presented with advanced disease.