Is Phenobarbital an Effective Treatment for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?

BACKGROUND

Alcohol use disorder is associated with a variety of complications, including alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS), which may occur in those who decrease or stop alcohol consumption suddenly. AWS is associated with a range of signs and symptoms, which are most commonly treated with GABAergic medications.

CLINICAL QUESTION: Is phenobarbital an effective treatment for AWS?

EVIDENCE REVIEW: Studies retrieved included two prospective, randomized, double-blind studies and three systematic reviews. These studies provided estimates of the effectiveness and safety of phenobarbital for treatment of AWS.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the available literature, phenobarbital is reasonable to consider for treatment of AWS. Clinicians must consider the individual patient, clinical situation, and comorbidities when selecting a medication for treatment of AWS.