A urine detection chip for the analysis of urinary cells and extracellular vesicles for bladder cancer screening.

Bladder cancer is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm of the urinary system. However, current techniques for bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis are associated with significant patient discomfort and potential risk of urinary tract infection. To address these issues, we propose a non-invasive urine detection chip for isolating and identifying bladder cancer-related cells and extracellular vesicles. This chip enables simultaneous capture of exfoliated cells and blood cells for analysis, followed by microparticle-based filtration to remove cells and cell debris before capturing and analyzing extracellular vesicles for bladder cancer diagnosis. This method holds great potential in point-of-care screening and prognosis of bladder cancer.