[Precision pain management in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: therapeutic progress and mechanism-based approaches targeting tumor-nerve-immune crosstalk].

Cancer pain in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by complex mechanisms, severe, and often difficult-to-control. Pain not only represents a major source of suffering for PDAC patients but can also promote tumor progression through intricate neuro-immune crosstalk networks. The traditional three-step analgesic ladder is often insufficient for managing PDAC pain. In recent years, the earlier application of minimally invasive interventional techniques, the adoption of multi-disciplinary team, and the integration of smart healthcare tools are driving PDAC pain management toward more precise approaches. Exploration of the tumor-neuro-immune interaction network offers novel insights for driving personalized analgesia. This article systematically reviews the latest advances in analgesic approaches for PDAC, with an emphasis on optimizing existing therapies, defining the role of minimally invasive interventions, and outlining future research directions for precision analgesia.