The dual role of transient receptor potential melastatin cation channels in sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host immune response to infection, leading to systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin (TRPM) cation channels have recently emerged as dual-function modulators of various cellular processes, including bacterial clearance and inflammatory responses, which are crucial in the pathogenesis of sepsis. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the paradoxical roles of TRPM channels in septic pathophysiology, focusing on their expression and function in immune cells and other parenchymal organs, their contribution to immune dysregulation, and their potential as context-dependent therapeutic targets. By exploring the mechanisms through which TRPM channels mediate sepsis pathogenesis, this review provides insights into the challenges and opportunities for developing targeted therapeutic strategies for sepsis management.