Ferulic acid: A comprehensive profile.

Ferulic acid (FA) is a common dietary phenolic compound in various fruits, vegetables, coffee, cereals, and plant-based products. FA is recognized for its potent antioxidant properties and has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent across various health conditions, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic disorders, viral infections, and skin issues. Therefore, researchers have extensively studied FA and considered it a valuable ingredient for the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. This chapter comprehensively reviews FA, covering its nomenclature, physicochemical properties, synthesis methods, and thermal behavior. Stability, indications, pharmacology, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics are discussed. Additionally, different analytical techniques used for the quantitative and qualitative determination of FA are presented.