Nephrotic Syndrome Complications - New and Old. Part 2.

The nephrotic syndrome consists of heavy proteinuria with hypoalbuminemia. These are the clinical manifestations of several rare kidney disease. Although the population incidence is low (an estimated incidence of three cases per 100 000 patient-years), nephrotic syndrome has been associated with a range of complications including cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, acute kidney injury or systemic infections. These complications are generated by a combination of increased protein urinary losses and greater liver protein synthesis. The current paper aims to present pathophysiological mechanisms and current therapeutic recommendations for hyperlipidemia, acute kidney injury and other complications associated with nephrotic syndrome.