Strategies for Targeting Mitochondria in the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, with a complex pathogenesis and diverse treatment options. However, conventional treatments are often accompanied by large side effects and limited efficacy. In recent years, mitochondria, as the core organelles of cellular energy metabolism, oxidative stress regulation, and apoptosis execution, have played a key role in breast cancer development, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Therefore, many researchers have turned their attention to mitochondria to open up new pathways for the treatment of breast cancer. This review systematically outlines the relationship between mitochondrial energy metabolism, antiapoptotic proteins, mitochondrial fusion/fission, mitochondrial autophagy, and ferroptosis and breast cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, summarizes and analyzes the inhibitory effects of drugs or therapeutics targeting mitochondria, and explores the strategies of targeting mitochondria for the treatment of breast cancer to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of breast cancer.