Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: A comprehensive review of pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic strategies.

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SCM) augments the mortality of sepsis patients. SCM prevention and early monitoring are widely agreed upon, but therapeutic approaches against SCM are challenging to develop primarily due to the complexity of its pathophysiological mechanisms. The fundamental mechanisms contributing to SCM include inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, energy metabolism disorders, disorders of calcium homeostasis, myocardial edema, and cell death. These processes are subject to complex cross-regulatory interactions, forming a pathological network centered on inflammation. Furthermore, this review summarized the efficacy and mechanisms of vasoactive drugs, other pharmacological agents, and natural products in treating SCM, emphasizing emerging therapeutic targets. Advancing the clinical management of SCM requires a shift from interventions focused on single mechanisms to the establishment of a network-based regulatory strategy centered on inflammation. This method may provide innovative solutions for treating SCM.